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Episode# 14 Sunscreens and Sunburn

Podcast Show Notes

 

 

Links:

  1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3543289/
  2. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/sunburn
  3. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003227.htm
  4. https://www.aad.org/public/everyday-care/injured-skin/burns/treat-sunburn
  5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537164/
  6. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/sunscreen

Treatment of Minor Sunburns

  1. Take frequent cool baths or showers to help relieve the pain. As soon as you get out of the bathtub or shower, gently pat yourself dry, but leave a little water on your skin. Then, apply a moisturizer to help trap the water in your skin. This can help ease the dryness.
  2. Use a moisturizer that contains aloe vera or soy to help soothe sunburned skin. If a particular area feels especially uncomfortable, you may want to apply a hydrocortisone cream that you can buy without a prescription. Do not treat sunburn with “-caine” products (such as benzocaine), as these may irritate the skin or cause an allergic reaction.
  3. Consider taking aspirin or ibuprofen to help reduce any swelling, redness and discomfort.
  4. Drink extra water. A sunburn draws fluid to the skin’s surface and away from the rest of the body. Drinking extra water when you are sunburned helps prevent dehydration.
  5. If your skin blisters, allow the blisters to heal. Blistering skin means you have a second-degree sunburn. You should not pop the blisters, as blisters form to help your skin heal and protect you from infection.
  6. Take extra care to protect sunburned skin while it heals. Wear clothing that covers your skin when outdoors. Tightly-woven fabrics work best. When you hold the fabric up to a bright light, you shouldn’t see any light coming through.

 

Medications and other Agents that Increase Sensitivity to Light

Many medications and supplements contain ingredients that may cause photosensitivity, which is defined as a chemically induced change in the skin that makes an individual unusually sensitive to light.  An individual who has been photosensitized may develop a rash, sunburn, or other adverse effect from exposure to light of an intensity or duration that would normally not affect that individual.

Reactions to photosensitizing agents involve both photoallergy (allergic reaction of the skin) and phototoxicity (irritation of the skin) after exposure to ultraviolet radiation from natural sunlight or artificial lighting (particularly from tanning booths).  This photosensitization of the skin may be caused by creams or ointments applied to the skin, by medications taken orally or by injection, or by the use of prescription inhalers.

 

Primary Classes of Medications Responsible for Photosensitizing Reactions

(Examples by Generic Name)

  1. Antihistamines
  2. Coal Tar and Derivatives
  3. Contraceptives, Oral and Estrogens
  4. Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
  5. Phenothiazines
  6. Psoralens
  7. Sulfonamides
  8. Sulfonylureas
  9. Thiazide Diuretics
  10. Tetracyclines
  11. Tricyclic Antidepressants

 

 

 

1. Antihistamines   – examples:
Astemizole Azatadine Brompheniramine
Buclizine Carbinoxamine Chlorpheniramine
Clemastine Cyclizine Cyproheptadine
Dexchlorpheniramine Dimenhydrinate Diphenhydramine
Diphenylpyraline Doxylamine Hydroxyzine
Meclizine Methapyrilene Methdilazine
Orphenadrine Pheniramine Promethazine
Pyrilamine Terfenadine Trimeprazine
Tripelennamine Tripolidine  
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2. Coal Tar and Derivatives – examples (by brand name):
Alphosyl Aquatar Denorex Medicated Shampoo
DHS Tar Gel Shampoo DOAK Shampoo Estar
Ionil T. Plus LAVATAR Medotar
T/Derm Tar Emollient Tegrin Shampoo T/Gel Therapeutic Shampoo
Zetar Shampoo    
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3. Contraceptives, Oral and Estrogens
(birth control pills, female sex hormones) – examples:
Estrogens    
Chlorotrianisene Diethylstilbestrol Estradiol
Estrogens, conjugated Estrogens, esterified Estopipate
Progestogens    
Ethinyl estradiol Medroxyprogesterone Megestrol
Norethindrone Norgestrel Quinestrol
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4. NSAID: Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
(antiarthritics) – examples:
Diclofenac Diflunisal Fenoprofen
Flurbiprofen Ibuprofen Ketoprofen
Meclofenamate Naproxen Phenylbutazone
Piroxicam Sulindac Suprofen
Tolmetin    
Back to List Back to Top
5. Phenothiazines (major tranquilizers, anti-emetics) – examples:
Acetophenazine Butaperazine Carphenazine
Chlorpromazine Ethoproprazine Fluphenazine
Mesoridazine Methdilazine Methotrimeprazine
Perphenazine Piperacetazine Prochlororperazine
Promazine Promethazine Propiomazine
Thiethylperazine Thioridazine Trifluoperazine
Triflupromazine Trimeprazine  
Back to List Back to Top
6. Psoralens – examples:
Methozsalen Triozsalen  
Back to List Back to Top
7. Sulfonamides (“sulfa” drugs, antimicrobials, anti-infectives) – examples:
Acetazolamide Sulfacytine Sulfadiazine
Sulfadoxine Sulfamethizole Sulfamethoxazole
Sulfasalazine Sulfapyrazone Sulfisoxazole
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8. Sulfonylureas (oral anti-diabetics, hypoglycemics) – examples:
Acetohexamide Chlorpropamide Glipizide
Glyburide Tolazamide Tolbutamide
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9. Thiazide Diuretics (“water-pills”) – examples:
Bendroflumethiazide Benzthiazide Chlorothiazide
Chlorothalidone Cyclothiazide Hydrochlorothiazide
Hydroflumethiazide Methyclothiazide Ploythiazide
Trichlormethiazide    
Back to List Back to Top
10. Tetracyclines (antibiotics, anti-infectives) – examples:
Chlortetracycline Demeclocycline Doxycycline
Methacycline Minocycline Oxytetracycline
Tetracycline    
Back to List Back to Top
11. Tricyclic Antidepressants – examples:
Amitriptyline Amoxapine Desipramine
Doxepin Imipramine Nortriptyline
Protyiptyline Trimipramine  

 

Filed Under: Podcast Show Notes

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