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Episode #11 GERD (Gastroesophageal Disease)

Podcast Show Notes

 

    • What is Gerd
  • GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease, or chronic acid reflux) is a condition in which acid-containing contents in your stomach persistently leak back up into your esophagus, the tube from your throat to your stomach.
  • happens because a valve at the end of your esophagus, the lower esophageal sphincter, doesn’t close properly when food arrives at your stomach. Acid backwash then flows back up through your esophagus into your throat and mouth, giving you a sour taste.
    • Links
  • https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17019-gerd-or-acid-reflux-or-heartburn-overview
  • https://medlineplus.gov/gerd.html
  • https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/gastroesophageal-reflux-disease-gerd
  • https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/gastroesophageal-reflux-disease

 

 

·       Drugs used to treat GERD
Pregnant or nursing women should not take these drugs, except on the specific advice of a physician.
Antacids
Active ingredients* Brand names Use Side effects Comments
alumina, aluminum carbonate, aluminum hydroxide Amphojel, Gaviscon, Maalox, Mylanta Relieve heartburn and functional dyspepsia pain, and promote ulcer healing by neutralizing stomach acid Constipation; diarrhea; excessive and prolonged doses may cause bone pain, feeling of discomfort, appetite loss, mood changes, muscle weakness Should not be used by people with moderate to severe kidney disease; should not be taken within three to four hours of taking a tetracycline-type antibiotic
calcium carbonate Alka-Mints, Caltrate, Rolaids, Tums Chalky taste; constipation; excessive and prolonged doses may cause difficult, painful, or frequent urination, appetite loss, mood changes, muscle pain or twitching, nausea, restlessness, unpleasant taste Side effects more likely for people with kidney disease
magnesia, magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium trisilicate Gaviscon, Gelusil, Maalox, Mylanta, Phillips’ Milk of Magnesia Chalky taste; diarrhea; excessive and prolonged doses may cause difficult or painful urination, dizziness, irregular heartbeat, loss of appetite, mood changes, muscle weakness Side effects more likely for people with kidney disease; do not use within three to four hours of taking tetracycline-type antibiotics
sodium bicarbonate Alka-Seltzer, baking soda Abdominal fullness; belching; excessive and prolonged doses may cause frequent urge to urinate, mood changes, muscle pain, nausea, restlessness Not advisable for people on low-sodium diets; side effects more likely for people with kidney disease
*Most over-the-counter antacids contain two or more of these active ingredients.
Histamine H2-receptor antagonists
Generic name Brand name Use Side effects Comments
cimetidine generic, Tagamet Relieve heartburn and functional dyspepsia pain, and promote ulcer healing by decreasing stomach acid Rarely, may cause diarrhea, constipation, dizziness, anxiety, depression, drowsiness, sleeplessness, headache, itching, redness of skin, confusion in ill or elderly people May interfere with the absorption of anticoagulants, antidepressants, and hypertension medications
famotidine generic, Pepcid No serious drug interactions known
nizatidine generic, Axid
At high doses may interact with anticoagulants
Prokinetic agents
Generic name Brand name Use Side effects Comments
metoclopramide generic, Reglan Speeds stomach emptying Diarrhea; less frequently, may cause involuntary movement of limbs, restlessness, drowsiness, muscle tremor, spasms, breast discharge Increases the effects of alcohol and other depressants; caution advised for individuals with type 1 diabetes or Parkinson’s disease
Proton pump inhibitors
Generic name Brand name Use Side effects Comments
lansoprazole generic, Prevacid Treat reflux esophagitis and promote peptic ulcer healing by suppressing secretion of stomach acid Headache, diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, gas, nausea Prolonged use may lead to low blood levels of vitamin B12 and magnesium, and thinner bones
omeprazole generic, Prilosec, Zegerid
rabeprazole Aciphex
pantoprazole generic, Protonix
dexlansoprazole Dexilant
esomeprazole Nexium

 

 

 

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